Social effect of implementing active longevity strategies

The article analyses the domestic and foreign practices of making decisions on financing projects related to demography, health, and social protection of the population. The paper considers declarations, concepts, and strategies directing to solve the problem of population aging, which is relevant for countries of the Europe, North America, the Russian Federation. The authors investigate the issues of an assessment of the social effect of implementing strategies and programs for active longevity, in domestic science and practice and conclude, that at present, universal methodology is not developed, and the existing standard approaches are adapted from the management of corporate structures. The purpose of the article is to test the system of measuring the social effect of implementing the concept of active longevity in the region. The methodological basis of the study are the factor approach, methods of analysis of time series, the factor approach, as well as recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Organization (UN) and the European Union (EU). The scientific novelty of the presented results lies in the author`s methodological developments: the interpretation of the social effect of the active longevity strategy and the system of statistical indicators for assessing the social effect in the implementation of active longevity strategies in the region. The practical significance of the results is that the regions of the Russian Federation can use the author’s system of social effect meters to monitor strategies and programs for the implementation of active longevity. The use of the system of indicators will provide a solution to the problem of its quantitative assessment, it will allow us to find out the shortcomings of regional target indicators at the planning stage and will help to increase the level of consistency of the goals of regional strategies with national goals and requirements of international organizations

Features of statistical methods application in rating construction

The article is devoted to solving the problem of rating construction methodology, including issues of comparability in dynamics and inconsistency. The study analyzes approaches to the procedures for aggregating private components of the rating. Attention is focused on the shortcomings of ratings used in international and domestic practice as integral meters, among which are the incompleteness of information on the private components of ratings, an unacceptably high level of error in the development of ratings as integral meters and the lack of evaluation of their quality. The approach to rating construction on the basis of average weighted sum of ranks is offered. The ratio of the sum of the squares of the rank paired coefficients of the private rating to the total sum of the squares of the rank coefficients for all private ratings (the matrix of squares of rank correlations) is used as weights. The approach proposed by the authors, in contrast to the existing methodological approaches, makes it possible to build a rating in the absence of information about private components. The novelty of the study results lies in the method of estimating weights of private ratings as basic components of the rating. The article presents the results of construction a rating of the regions of the Central Federal District in Russia for achieving national goals in 2021 based on private ratings, which confirmed the adequacy of the proposed approach. The article may be of interest to a wide range of researchers in the field of statistics and regional economics

Tourism as a Factor of Increased Competitiveness of the Region

The paper considers tourism and tourism operations as one of the key priorities of increased competitive strengths of Russian regions, their area, socio- economic status and image. One of the presented ways of sustainable and effective development of tourism industry of the region is the formation of large-scale interregional, international associations conducting their activities for increased main competitive indicators and living conditions. Thus, the main function of performers of tourism operations of the considered territory will be to control work of regional agencies of local government that promotes increased quality of tourist management and defines the key possible priorities of development of the issues to solve being as follows: -development of a procedure of sharing experiences between regions; -attraction of an investor and additional financial means in the course of development of travel industry; - creation and promotion of positive image of the district, region and tourist base; - development of interregional projects which are in physical proximity of territories that promotes increase number of tourist routes and increases the potential of regions. Keywords: region, competitiveness, tourism, interregional ties, innovations, state JEL Classifications: F43, L83, O4

Продуктивность лактирующих коров при использовании в рационах сенажа из вико-овсяно-гороховой смеси с внесением нового биологического консерванта

The effect of a new biological preservative representing a mix of lyophilized Lactobacillus plantarum VKPM V-4173, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis VKPM V-2092 and Propionibacterium acidipropionici VKPMV-5723 strains (40 : 40 : 20) on the quality of haylage prepared from a mix of vetch, oats, and pea has been studied. The total bacteria content in the preservative was 1·1011 CFU/g. Five different variants of conservation of alfalfa haylage prepared at the budding stage were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The variants included a self-conserved control and the preservative at two different dosages (3 and 6 g/ton) with and without the addition of cellulolytic enzymes. The best results were observed in the case of both the enzyme-free and the enzyme-containing preservative at the dosage equal to 6 g/ton. These variants provided the maximum protein content in the haylage (94.3% and 94.5% of the initial content, respectively) and a high content of lactic acid (62.9% and 65.4% of the total acid content, respectively) and also good organoleptic characteristics. The determined optimum biopreservative dosage was tested under industrial conditions using 750 tons of vetch-oats-pea haylage. The use of the biopreservative provided a high-quality haylage of high nutritive value. Industrial evaluation of the effect on the productivity of milk cattle (n = 15) of the addition of the biopreservative to the haylage showed that the maximum average daily yield of milk with basic fat content (3.4%) was obtained from cows of the experimental group whose ration included haylage prepared with the use of the studied preservative. This yield came to32.7 kg , which exceeded the yield for the control group (fed on self-conserved haylage) by 7.0%. Three months feeding of cows with the haylage prepared with the use of the new preservative brought a significant saving of money (4,862 rubles per a head at the prices of 2015–2016). Исследовано влияние нового биологического консерванта, представляющего собой смесь лиофильно высушенных бактерий: Lactobacillus plantarum ВКПМ В-4173, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ВКПМ В-2092 и Propionibacterium acidipropionici ВКПМ В-5723 (в соотношении 40 : 40 : 20) на качество сенажа из вико-овсяно-гороховой смеси. Общее содержание бактерий в консерванте составляло 1·1011 КОЕ/г. В лабораторном опыте оценены четыре варианта закладки сенажа из люцерны, приготовленного в фазе бутонизации, с нормами внесения консерванта 3 и 6 г/т в присутствии и в отсутствие ферментов. В качестве контроля использовали самоконсервированный сенаж. По результатам эксперимента наилучшие результаты обеспечивало внесение биоконсерванта в количестве 6 г/т как совместно с ферментом, так и без него. В этих вариантах отмечена высокая сохранность протеина (94,5% и 94,3% от содержания в исходной массе) и высокое содержание молочной кислоты (65,4% и 62,9% от общего содержания всех кислот), а также хорошие органолептические показатели. Указанная оптимальная норма внесения биоконсерванта протестирована в производственных испытаниях при закладке 750 тонн сенажа из вико-овсяно-гороховой смеси. Применение биоконсерванта позволило получить сенаж высокого качества, имеющий высокую энергетическую и питательную ценность. Проведены производственные испытания с оценкой эффекта скармливания сенажа, заготовленного путем самоконсервирования (контроль) и с внесением исследуемого биоконсерванта (опыт), на молочную продуктивность новотельных коров черно-пестрой породы (n = 15), качество молока и затраты кормов на единицу продукции. Среднесуточный удой молока базисной жирности (3,4%) коров опытной группы в период раздоя составил 32,7 кг, что на 7% выше по сравнению с контрольными животными, получавшими самоконсервированный сенаж. Скармливание молочным коровам в период раздоя сенажа из вико-овсяно-гороховой смеси с внесением нового биологического консерванта обеспечило экономию в размере 4 862 рубля на голову в ценах 2015–2016 года.Исследовано влияние нового биологического консерванта, представляющего собой смесь лиофильно высушенных бактерий: Lactobacillus plantarum ВКПМ В-4173, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ВКПМ В-2092 и Propionibacterium acidipropionici ВКПМ В-5723 (в соотношении 40 : 40 : 20) на качество сенажа из вико-овсяно-гороховой смеси. Общее содержание бактерий в консерванте составляло 1·1011 КОЕ/г. В лабораторном опыте оценены четыре варианта закладки сенажа из люцерны, приготовленного в фазе бутонизации, с нормами внесения консерванта 3 и 6 г/т в присутствии и в отсутствие ферментов. В качестве контроля использовали самоконсервированный сенаж. По результатам эксперимента наилучшие результаты обеспечивало внесение биоконсерванта в количестве 6 г/т как совместно с ферментом, так и без него. В этих вариантах отмечена высокая сохранность протеина (94,5% и 94,3% от содержания в исходной массе) и высокое содержание молочной кислоты (65,4% и 62,9% от общего содержания всех кислот), а также хорошие органолептические показатели. Указанная оптимальная норма внесения биоконсерванта протестирована в производственных испытаниях при закладке 750 тонн сенажа из вико-овсяно-гороховой смеси. Применение биоконсерванта позволило получить сенаж высокого качества, имеющий высокую энергетическую и питательную ценность. Проведены производственные испытания с оценкой эффекта скармливания сенажа, заготовленного путем самоконсервирования (контроль) и с внесением исследуемого биоконсерванта (опыт), на молочную продуктивность новотельных коров черно-пестрой породы (n = 15), качество молока и затраты кормов на единицу продукции. Среднесуточный удой молока базисной жирности (3,4%) коров опытной группы в период раздоя составил 32,7 кг, что на 7% выше по сравнению с контрольными животными, получавшими самоконсервированный сенаж. Скармливание молочным коровам в период раздоя сенажа из вико-овсяно-гороховой смеси с внесением нового биологического консерванта обеспечило экономию в размере 4 862 рубля на голову в ценах 2015–2016 года

Changes in the reactivity of the vertebrobasilar arteries when using glucose-electrolyte drink with antioxidant plant extracts during submaximal exercise test

The aim. To assess the effect of glucose-electrolyte composition with plant extracts having antioxidant activity on the hemodynamic parameters of vertebrobasilar system during the incrementally increasing submaximal exercise test.Materials and methods. The study included 12 athletes (6 candidates for master of sports and 6 masters of sports) aged 18–22, who have been engaged in orienteering for 10 years and more. Time of aerobic exercise – 2 hours a day, five days a week. The study subjects performed an incrementally increasing submaximal exercise test and also submaximal exercise test with the preventive intake of a glucose-electrolyte composition with plant extracts having antioxidant properties. To assess the hemodynamic parameters in all study subjects we used Doppler ultrasound of the cerebral vessels, evaluating vertebrobasilar system blood flow, exercise gas test in the modification of hypo- and hyperventilation, and also positional test.Results. A single intake of glucose-electrolyte drink under conditions of incrementally increasing exercise test contributed to the manifestation of a homeostatic effect in hemodynamic parameters of the vertebrobasilar arteries. It is evidenced by the approximation to the pre-exercise level of maximum systolic velocity and average blood velocity in the breath-holding test, of the diastolic blood velocity in the hyperventilation test, and of the pulsatility index in the torsion test, as compared to the isolated submaximal exercise test which caused the change in both velocity indicators and calculated indices during the functional tests.The article considers the main mechanisms underlying the change in arterial hemodynamic parameters caused by incrementally increasing load, as well as describes the proposed mechanisms arising from the combined effect of an incrementally increasing load and the intake of a glucose-electrolyte composition with plant extracts having antioxidant activity.Conclusion. It was shown that using glucose-electrolyte drink contributed to the restoration of hemodynamic parameters of the vertebrobasilar arteries after an incrementally increasing submaximal exercise test

Quantification of C1 esterase inhibitor in human serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: Correlation with turbidimetric immunoassay

C1 inhibitor of serine proteases (C1-INH) performs a regulatory function in the complement system and vascular permeability. Deficiency of C1-INH leads to various forms of angioedema, including hereditary angioedema (HAE). The cause of HAE is a genetically determined violation of the synthesis of C1-INH. A decrease in the level of C1-INH to 50% relative to the norm leads to an increase in the production of bradykinin, which is the basis for the diagnosis of HAE. The development of affordable ELISA for the quantitative determination of C1-INH is a popular direction for clinicians. During the development of a new kit for quantitative determination of C1-INH, two mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with different epitope specificities were obtained. On their basis, a sandwich-type ELISA was developed. The specificity of the obtained mAb's was confirmed using the medical device “Berinert”. To prepare calibrators, C1-INH was affinity purified from human blood plasma using a sorbent with immobilized mAbs. The identity of the C1-INH protein was confirmed by PAGE electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and mass spectrometry on MALDI-TOF/TOF UltrafleXtreme mass spectrometer. To assess the quality indicators of developed reagents kit, studies were carried out in accordance with GOST R 51352-2013 and TU 21.20.23-041-01967164-2022. Values of quality indicators: accuracy — 93.53%; measurement linearity interval — 22.00-176.07 ng/mL. Using the developed ELISA test system, we examined 28 blood sera from healthy donors and 7 blood sera from patients with confirmed HAE. In the same samples, the content of C1-INH was determined by turbidimetric method, using the "Diagnostic reagents for in vitro immunochemical studies of specific blood proteins. Model: C1-esterase inhibitor (C1 EsteraseInhibitor)" (Aptec, Belgium). The correlation coefficient was 0.94 (p < 0.05). It was found that the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA is 100%. As a result of the study, an original ELISA test system for the quantitative determination of C1-INH was developed "Reagent kit for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of human C1-inhibitor (C1-inh PS)"

Analysis of the epidemic situation of influenza and ARVI in the Sverdlovsk region (2012-2019)

The aim of the study was to assess the trend of the epidemic process of influenza and other ARVI in the multi-year dynamics (2012-2019) in the Sverdlovsk region. The epidemic process was studied during periods of ordinar, seasonal and epidemic allowances in different age groups of children and adults. In the analyzed period, influenza and ARVI epidemics were shown to be polyethological involving seropodtypes of influenza А1, А3 and serotype B viruses and dominance in individual years of one of the influenza virus strains. The trend towards stabilization of the epidemic process has been noted in many years of dynamics. Against this background, the high risk group for infection was children under the age of 6. Annually, the dominant periodicity in the circulation of influenza А1 and А3 viruses and the three-year periodicity with the dominance of influenza B virus have been noted.Целью исследования являлось оценка тенденции проявления эпидемического процесса гриппа и других ОРВИ в многолетней динамике (2012-2019 гг.) В Свердловской области. Проявление эпидемического процесса изучали в периоды ординара, сезонной и эпидемической надбавок в различных возрастных группах детей и взрослых. В анализированный период показано, эпидемии гриппа и ОРВИ были полиэтиологичными с участием сероподтипов вирусов гриппа А1, А3 и серотипа В и доминированием в отдельные годы одного из штаммов вируса гриппа. В многолетней динамике отмечена тенденция к стабилизации эпидемического процесса. На этом фоне группой высокого риска заражения были дети в возрасте до 6 лет. Отмечена ежегодно доминирующая периодичность в циркуляции вирусов гриппа А1 и А3 и трехлетняя периодичность с доминированием вируса гриппа В

Peculiarities of the influenza viruses circulation and their properties during 2018-2019 epidemic season in Russia and countries of the Northern Hemisphere

Objective. To identify the drift variability of influenza viruses during the period of epidemic rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections in the period 2018-2019. The biological and molecular-genetic properties of epidemic strains isolated in certain territories of the Russian Federation were studied and compared with data from the countries of the Northern Hemisphere. Materials and methods. A range of laboratory diagnostic methods has been applied, including immune fluorescence, RT-PCR, sequencing, methods for determining sensitivity to influenza drugs and receptor specificity. Results and discussion. The proportion of influenza viruses was as follows: A (H1N1) pdm09 - 53 %, A (H3N2) - 46 %, B - about 1 %. Cases of severe acute respiratory infections have most often been associated with influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus. According to antigenic properties, isolated strains corresponded to the properties of vaccine viruses (A/Michigan/45/2015 - by 99.6 % and A/Singapore INFIMH-16-0019/2016 - by 86 %). The heterogeneity of influenza A virus strains population was revealed as regards individual mutations in hemaglutinin. The influenza B virus population was equally represented by both evolutionary lines (B/Victoria and B/Yamagata-like). Receptor specificity was favorable for the course and outcome of the disease. Among 70 studied epidemic strains, no strains resistant to anti-neuraminidase drugs, oseltamivir and zanamivir, were detected. The article presents WHO recommendations on the composition of influenza vaccines for the countries of the Northern Hemisphere for 2019-2020, provides data on cases of human infection with avian influenza viruses A(H5N1), A(H5N6), A(H7N9) and A(H9N2)

Заболеваемость гриппом в январе-марте 2016 г. в Российской Федерации: эпидемический и пандемический потенциал вируса гриппа A(H1N1)pdm09

The World Health Organization (WHO) searches influenza virus circulation in community and in natural biocenosis, studies virus strains and their properties, develops diagnostic methods and preventive measures since 1940th worldwide because of epidemic actuality and high pandemic potential of the influenza virus. The Federal Influenza Center (including Federal Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, and the Center of Virus Ecology, D.I.Ivanovskiy Virology Institute, Honorary Academician N.F.GamaleyaFederal Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow) performs similar work in Russia in close cooperation with WHO within the framework of the International Programme of Influenza Monitoring. A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus dominated in the Northern Hemisphere in the 2015 – 2016 epidemic season. Morbidity growth was noted from the end of January, 2016, to the beginning of March, 2016. The peak morbidity at the 5th week of the year exceeded the epidemic threshold (132 cases per 10,000 of population) and morbidity in the 2014 – 2015 season significantly and approached to the peak morbidity of the 2009 – 2010 epidemic season. The epidemic growth in Russian Federation was provided by three influenza viruses: A(H1N1)pdm09, В and A (H3N2). A(H1N1)pdm09 virus caused 18% of all acute respiratory diseases and accounted for 84% of circulating influenza viruses.Flu was diagnosed in patients of different age with maximal frequency in 3- to 6-year old children. Peak admission number was registered at 5 and 6 weeks (3,538 and 4,109 cases, respectively); this number exceeded the similar parameter of the 2009 – 2010 season. Patients of 15 to 64 years old were admitted more often including those with acute respiratory infection. Two hundred and thirty nine deaths were registered to the 5th of April, 2016, according to data from the Federal Influenza Center and the Center of Virus Ecology. The diagnosis of A(H1N1)pdm09 flu was confirmed in 97.9% of deaths. Molecular analysis of isolated strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus revealed amino acid substitutions in receptor binding site and SA site of hemagglutinin and in genes coding intrinsic proteins PA, NP, M1, and NS1. Influenza virus strains resistive to anti-neuraminidase drugs were encountered in #< 1% in the Northern Hemisphere countries. No strains studied were sensitive to adamantine derivates.Актуальность. С 1947 г. в связи с эпидемической актуальностью и высоким пандемическим потенциалом вируса гриппа типа А по инициативе Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) организована Глобальная система по надзору за гриппом и ответу (Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System – GISRS), которая в настоящее время представлена 6 сотрудничающими центрами по гриппу, 143 национальными центрами по гриппу в 113 странах, а также производителями гриппозных вакцин. Российская Федерация представлена в этой системе двумя национальными центрами – Федеральным центром по гриппу (ФЦГ) ФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт гриппа» Минздрава России (Санкт-Петербург) и Центром экологии и эпидемиологии гриппа (ЦЭЭГ) Института вирусологии им. Д.И.Ивановского ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени почетного академика Н.Ф.Гамалеи» Минздрава России (Москва). Оба центра осуществляют еженедельный надзор за циркуляцией вирусов гриппа в 59 городах Российской Федерации, который предполагает анализ заболеваемости, госпитализации, летальных случаев от гриппа и острой респираторной вирусной инфекции (ОРВИ) в разных возрастных группах, а также проведение диагностики с помощью широкого спектра лабораторных методов. Материалы и методы. В странах Северного полушария в эпидемическом сезоне 2015–2016 гг. в этиологии подъема заболеваемости доминировал вирус гриппа A(H1N1)pdm09. Подъем заболеваемости гриппом в России зарегистрирован с конца января до начала марта 2016 г. Показатель заболеваемости на пике эпидемии (5-я неделя 2016 г.), значительно превысив эпидемический порог (132 случая на 10 тыс. населения) и значение сезона 2014–2015 гг., отмечен на уровне эпидемического сезона 2009–2010 гг. Результаты. Этиологическую структуру эпидемического подъема заболеваемости в РФ определили 3 вируса гриппа – A(H1N1)pdm09, В и A(H3N2) при разном долевом участии. Грипп A(H1N1)pdm09 в структуре ОРВИ составила 18,0 %, в структуре циркулирующих вирусов гриппа – 84,0 %. Заболеваемость зарегистрирована во всех возрастных группах. Бόльшая вовлеченность в эпидемический процесс зафиксирована у детей 3–6 лет. Максимальное число госпитализаций отмечено на 5-й и 6-й неделях 2016 г. – 3 538 и 4 109 случаев соответственно, что превысило показатели сезона 2009–2010 гг. Наибольшее число случаев госпитализации, в т. ч. с тяжелой острой респираторной инфекцией, отмечено в возрастной группе 15–64 лет. По данным ФЦГ и ЦЭЭГ, на 05.04.16 зарегистрировано 239 летальных исходов. В 97,9 % случаев лабораторными исследованиями подтвержден грипп A(H1N1)pdm09. Заключение. По результатам молекулярно-генетического анализа выделенных штаммов вируса гриппа A / H1N1pdm09 показано наличие аминокислотных замен в гемагглютинине (рецептор-связывающем и Sa сайтах) и в генах, кодирующих внутренние белки (PA, NP, M1, NS1). Доля резистентных штаммов к препаратам с антинейраминидазной активностью в странах Северного полушария не превысила 1 %, а к производным адамантана оказались нечувствительными все изученные циркулирующие штаммы